Part of forming your own identity is defining yourself by the traits that make you unique. To do this, you categorize others as belonging to your group – based on characteristics that matter to you, ...

Two group-based tendencies—our psychological need to sort ourselves and others into groups—are of particular concern: in-group/out-group bias and acrophily (love of extremes). Humans are ...

Experiment 2 revealed a clearer pattern of ingroup bias. Both Black and Chinese participants showed a significantly stronger happy face advantage for ingroup members than for outgroup members.