The chemistry of amino acid side chains is critical to protein structure because ... side chains can form ionic bonds, and polar amino acids are capable of forming hydrogen bonds.

getting caught in a loop of wrong hydrogen bonds that prevented correct folding before the right bonds took over for the final protein structure. There were also “Highways,” where the correct bonds ...

Oxygen can destroy hydrogen-producing enzymes ... discovered how an extraordinary protein survives in the presence of oxygen. Three years ago, a partial structure of CbA5H solved in the presence ...

These include wobble base pairs, such as G-U and I-A (inosine-adenine), which have a slightly different geometry and hydrogen bonding pattern. Non-Watson-Crick base pairs can play important roles in ...

The structure of the β-sheets is strengthened by hydrogen bonds, which remain stable throughout the functional life of the ...

Free RNA nucleotides form hydrogen bonds with ... the correct shape and becomes a protein. Peptide bonds form between the adjacent amino acids to finalise the structure.

Chemical structure of guanine, showing its double-ring purine structure and the functional groups involved in hydrogen bonding with cytosine ... determines the genetic code that is translated into ...