Copper is an essential enzyme cofactor in bacteria, but excess copper is highly toxic. Bacteria can cope with copper stress by increasing copper resistance and initiating chemorepellent response.

These electrodes function like miniature biochemistry labs, using enzymes and helper molecules called cofactors to perform reactions that mirror the body's metabolic processes. Depending on the ...

Compared to other metalloenzymes that utilize alternative cofactors and chemistry (e.g., cytochrome P450 and radical SAM enzymes among others), the simple requirements of ferrous iron, molecular ...

MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, ...

E. coli DH5α and C41(DE3) were used as hosts for DNA cloning and whole-cell biotransformation, respectively. Primer STAR HS DNA polymerase and restriction endonucleases were obtained from Takara ...

NADPH:cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR) is the obligate electron donor for microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of endogenous substances like bile acids and other ...