The surface of a torus (the shape of our breakfast donut), for example, offers another perspective of what a 2D space could be. Mathematicians, through geometric topology, explore these spaces in all ...

Susanna Heikkilä solved a problem in topology, or mathematics pertaining to the shape of surfaces. The fact that one of the ...

Considering the relative relationship between satellites, most mega-constellations with inclined orbits adopt the classic torus-like topology in which each satellite establishes four inter-satellite ...

A doughnut, also called a torus, is a shape that you can move across in two directions, just like the surface of the Earth. (© newb1 – stock.adobe.com) While you don’t need topology to determine that ...

A doughnut, also called a torus, is a shape that you can move across in two directions, just like the surface of the Earth. (YassineMrabet via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-NC-SA) While you don't need ...