The Carthaginians made some use of elephants during the First Punic War, such as in the battle at Bagradas River (255 BCE) in modern Tunisia. Here, around 100 elephants helped to crush a Roman ...

China’s agricultural mandate and India’s war elephant. In ancient China, the land ethic was focused centrally, if not ...

Ancient Indian art, such as sculptures at the Channakeshava Temple in Karnataka, illustrates the use of war elephants as part of a fourfold army, known as chaturanga bala, which included infantry ...

For thousands of years, people in India have captured elephants to serve as war machines, beasts of burden, and part of religious festivals. And while they’re revered like gods, and adorned with ...

The 122 paintings comprising ‘Indian Skies’ at the Metropolitan Museum of Art offer witness that in the centuries that masters like Michelangelo, Vermeer, and Velázquez were working in Europe, hands ...

In India, the process of training an elephant has changed little since ancient times. They captured elephants in the wild because they are difficult to breed and maintain for years in captivity ...