Cytologists had been studying chromosome behavior since the late 19th century. Why did it take until 1956 to figure out the correct human chromosome number, thanks to Joe Hin Tjio and Albert Levan?

Thus, in her experiments, McClintock observed several fundamental properties of chromosome biology; specifically, she noticed that cells do not tolerate the presence of unprotected chromosome ends ...

The X contains more genes related to brain function than does any other chromosome. “The X chromosome may be a treasure trove of genes that influence cognition, and these could be therapeutic targets, ...

However, the large chunk that has been sequenced contains versions of several of the same genes that are found in the modern human Y chromosome. In modern humans, a Y chromosome gene called SRY ...

In particular, it explains that humans have one fewer chromosome pair in their cells than apes, due to a mutation found in chromosome number 2 that caused two chromosomes to fuse into one.

Each human cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes that carry DNA within their nucleus. The X and Y chromosomes, commonly referred to as the sex chromosomes, are one such pair.

Why are the human sex chromosomes called “X” and “Y,” while the other 22 chromosomes are identified only by numbers? The answer begins in the late 1800s, when insect gonad cells, whose large ...

The epigenetic state of chromatin, gene activity, and chromosomal positions are interrelated. A research team from the IPK Leibniz Institute (IPK) and the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) ...

A UCSF study reveals that maternal X chromosome expression may accelerate brain aging and cognitive decline. Female mice with ...

Researchers at The University of Hong Kong (HKU) have made an exciting discovery about how human cells protect DNA during ...