When it comes to heart health, many conditions are tricky to diagnose because their symptoms can be similar to others, and atrial fibrillation (AFib) is no exception. That's a problem, since untreated ...

An S4 heart sound cannot be present during atrial fibrillation (atrial kick is required). An S3 heart sound cannot be present in the setting of severe mitral stenosis. An S3 heart sound can be ...

A healthy heart drums up a steady rhythm. It beats around 60-100 times per minute when you're resting. If you have atrial fibrillation, though, your heart can beat out of rhythm, too fast ...

CLINICAL PEARL: A S4 heart sound occurs during active LV filling when atrial ... It is important to note that if a patient is in atrial fibrillation, the atria are not contracting, and it is ...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic heart failure ... (iii) What strategies are useful to maintain sinus rhythm or to control heart rate during AF? (iv) Which established CHF therapy can prevent ...