A breakdown of how memory B, T, and innate cells remember past infections and how this insight powers vaccines and immunotherapies.

Even if we can't see them, microorganisms are everywhere, inextricably linked to life on Earth at every level. They range from pathogenic bacteria and viruses that can make us sick to the microbes ...

Introduction: Phyllosphere-associated microbes directly influence plant-pathogen interactions, and the external environment and the plant shape the phyllosphere microbiome. Discussion: These results ...

Most SPR biosensors are still restricted to the laboratory, and their sensitivity for detecting pathogens in food samples should be further enhanced. To further enhance detection sensitivity, Ang et ...

Recent studies have generated new insights into the mechanisms of pathogen entry into host cells and signal transduction, but very little is known about the bacterial effectors and cellular ...

In the quest to design vaccines that better help the body's immune system fight disease, scientists are always looking for ...