As Constantinople seethed under crusader pressure, Alexius IV tried to buy time with promises he could not keep, igniting resentment, riots, and a devastating urban fire. When Alexius V seized power ...
The terminal events surrounding the fall of great empires have long been studied, pondered and argued over. Edward Gibbon’s “The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire” comes to mind as one of the best ...
In April 1204, Crusader armies breached the walls of Constantinople after a brutal siege shaped by chance, wind, and desperation. What followed was not victory but catastrophe, as the greatest city in ...
The life of Byzantine Emperor Heraclius (610–641), his military triumphs, reforms, and the establishment of Greek as the official language.
In the history of its numerous attempts (there were more than ten of them) to capture the ancient capital of Byzantium, there were several times that Russia was just a step away from realizing its ...
“The Russian Orthodox Church doesn’t recognize those decisions and won’t fulfill them,” Archbishop Hilarion Alfeyev said in Belarus after a meeting of the synod of the Russian Orthodox Church.
The Trump Administration Should Articulate and Defend Its Tariff Game Plan RFK Jr. Is Right About ‘Gender-Affirming Care’ 2025: A Year in Reading Audio By Carbonatix In 717–18, Western civilization ...
In the years leading up to 1914, Europe’s Great Powers became embroiled in an arms race driven by French and Russian fears of German strength on land and British fears of German ambitions at sea.
The grant opening of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople, the center of Orthodox Christianity for a millennium was held on ...
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