Over a short time interval \Delta t, This is a statement of the principle of mass conservation for a steady, one-dimensional flow, with one inlet and one outlet. This equation is called the continuity ...

Using these simplifications and definitions, the energy equation for steady flow operation reduces to: But this equation represents the ideal scenario and here is where the second law steps in.

points 1 and 2 lie on a streamline, the fluid has constant density, the flow is steady, and there is no friction. Although these restrictions sound severe, the Bernoulli equation is very useful, ...