but whether they are a sharp or a flat is to do with context. Let’s go back to the two examples of the three-note sequences we named above: in A A# B, the pitch moves as the sharp made the starting ...

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For example, C major (with no key signature) is relative to A minor (also with no key signature). Follow this process through and E major (4 sharps) is relative to C# minor. Bb major (2 flats) on the ...