Most animals reach an adult size, then spend the rest of their lives maintaining it. After maturity, their energy goes toward ...

Some animals reproduce only once before dying. This life strategy, called semelparity, sees organisms channel all energy into ...

The energy invested in animal reproduction is as much as 10 times greater than previously estimated when the metabolic load of bearing and caring for offspring is accounted for, according to a new ...

A new study published in Science and led by Monash University biologists reveals that the energy cost of reproduction is far greater than previously believed. The research, led by Dr. Samuel C Ginther ...

How do animals decide when to fight and when to walk, fly, slither, or swim away? Most research on animal conflict has focused on the short-term costs of single interactions, but a pair of behavioral ...

Animals possess circadian clocks, or 24 h oscillators, to regulate daily behavior. These typically take their cues from the periodic change of sunlight and darkness. However, many animals are also ...

Animals have been reproducing sexually for hundreds of millions of years, but not always like we do it. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Here’s how it ...

Sound science requires animal subjects to be physically, physiologically, and behaviorally unharmed. Accordingly, publication of methods that contravenes animal welfare principles risks perpetuating ...