Surgery is commonly used for certain endocrine disorders, such as problems with the adrenal, pituitary, parathyroid, and thyroid glands. Lifestyle approaches may help improve symptoms for many ...

This condition can affect a variety of organs throughout the body and lead to a range of symptoms, including: Hypoparathyroidism occurs after damage to the parathyroid gland or the loss of the gland.

The parathyroid glands form tumours that release too much PTH, leading to excess calcium in the blood. High blood calcium, known as hypercalcaemia, can exist for many years before it is found due to ...

Scarless transoral thyroidectomy or transoral vestibular approach (TOVA) allows for the safe and total removal of the thyroid or parathyroid glands with absolutely no external scarring to the neck. Of ...

Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) describes a group of rare genetic disorders that affect the body's hormone-producing glands. MEN type 1 usually affects the parathyroid gland(s), the pituitary gland ...

Parathyroid diseases are disorders of parathyroid gland function, resulting in abnormally high (primary hyperparathyroidism) or low (primary hypoparathyroidism) levels of calcium and parathyroid ...

Primary hyperparathyroidism is predominantly treated by surgical excision of the enlarged parathyroid gland. It has been suggested that the use of preoperative imaging, to localize abnormal glands ...