Open-loop systems are fine for light use in clean water. For everyone else, closed-loop systems offer better protection, longer life, and fewer nightmares when something inevitably goes wrong.

Payments ecosystems are often categorized as either closed-loop or open-loop systems, each with distinct advantages and limitations. Closed-loop systems, such as single-provider mobile wallets ...

A closed-loop glucose system improved glycemic control and reduced variability in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery ...

With open-loop therapies, insulin administration is manually controlled, while hybrid closed-loop systems automatically regulate insulin delivery. A study showed that hybrid closed-loop systems ...

(See sidebar at end of article for an explanation of the difference between closed-loop and open-loop control systems). The Controlled Pneumatic systems from Festo feature digitally controlled ...

Closed loop MRP is a software system used for production planning and inventory control with a feedback ... the 1970s as a successor to earlier open-loop materials requirements planning systems.

People using a hybrid closed-loop system are more likely to have better HbA1c levels than those using open-loop therapies, a new study has indicated. Researchers from the German Center for Diabetes ...