This debate matters because no life form, including any virus, has been found which does not have nucleic acid as the molecule which encodes the chemical information for its existence. There is no ...

A nucleic acid is a long molecule made up of smaller molecules called nucleotides. Nucleic acids were discovered in 1868, when twenty-four-year-old Swiss physician Friedrich Miescher isolated a ...

As early as 1943 Oswald Avery proved what had been suspected: that DNA, a nucleic acid ... as their main tool -- beaming X-rays through the molecule yielded a shadow picture of the molecule's ...

The resulting RNA molecule, typically mRNA, carries the genetic message from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Nucleic acids are the foundation of genetic engineering techniques, ...

By moving the trapped bead relative to a fixed surface, forces can be applied to the tethered molecule. Optical tweezers offer high force and spatial resolution, making them suitable for studying the ...