Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object. When temperature increases, the motion of these particles also increases. It's not a terrible definition, but ...

Now the water particles have enough energy to form their tiny little boiling bubbles—without the need to increase the temperature. I can even get water to boil at room temperature.

The four fundamental states of matter are solid, liquid, gas and plasma, but there others, such as Bose-Einstein condensates and time crystals, that are man-made.

Particles are in constant motion. What propels them? Guy Cox, St Albans, ... Any material has a temperature, which is related to the energy of the atoms and molecules that make it up.