This is a method of inferring the knee alignment shape before arthritis occurs ... and a smaller tibia joint surface angle (MPTA) compared to stage 0 to 2. In other words, the more severe patients ...

knee, and ankle in a straight line, forming a neutral alignment, rather than replicating the patient's original alignment.

One of the areas of new research is the study of knee osteoarthritis and how it might affect spinal deformity.