Research by the nonprofit organization Armed Conflict Location and Event Data (ACLED) has found that more ... as having been supposed motivators of violence targeting Muslims.

A battle is defined by ACLED as “a violent interaction between two politically organized armed groups at a particular time and location.” Explosions and instances of remote violence made up ...

The ACLED database uses "remote violence" to refer to "an event where a conflict actor engages another group while remaining spatially removed from the area of attack." It includes IEDs, airstrikes, ...