Runes are typically made of stone, wood, pebbles ... There are several rune alphabets, including Elder Futhark, Younger Futhark, and the Medieval (Latinized) Futhark. Elder Futhark, the oldest ...

at least 15 of the 24 known characters in the elder futhark appear, suggesting this runestone could have been a kind of experimental writing surface — a proto-notebook in stone. Let’s put it ...

The best known runic alphabets are the Elder Futhark, the Anglo-Saxon Futhark, and the Younger Futhark. For each stone or tile, there is inscribed or written a single Futhark character ...

The five-ton stone measures eight feet tall and its ... including the earliest form of runes, called Elder Futhark, and two types of cipher. It’s not clear in what order the sections of the ...

Engraved some time between 50 BCE and 275 CE, the ancient stone was eventually broken ... However, while the Vikings used a runic alphabet called younger futhark, earlier examples that predate ...

Elder Futhark, for example ... in the Viking Age (793–1066 C.E.). Archaeologists studying the runes on the Svingerud Stone have deciphered a name that spells “idiberug” in Roman letters.

Fragments of the oldest rune stone in the world were found in an ancient ... its earliest form is known as the older futhark, which matches the runes carved on the Hole rock specimens.