Figure 2: Macrophage ER stress in inflammation and apoptosis. It will be fascinating to explore whether specific lipid species are involved in engaging, negatively or positively, ER stress ...

Apoptosis occurs in a wide range of human diseases ... also known as PUMA), function in distinct cellular stress pathways and signal that a stress has occurred through interactions with other ...

Furthermore, UDCA reduces inflammation by modulating immune responses and suppressing pro-inflammatory pathways, thus preventing apoptosis and necrosis. It also alleviates ER stress, which is a ...