The universal torque table and torque coefficients link preload torque, stress, and clamping force. Engineers must frequently calculate the bolt preload torque needed to securely hold parts ...

But if excess friction is present, clamping force can be reduced to as low as 20,000 pounds. even at the full 500 pound-feet. of torque. To ensure that proper force is maintained, start with a ...

“Anecdotal tests have shown that as [two-piece] flange nuts age, or when they are re-used, their torque/clamping force characteristics can be as little as 50% of the design value,” the company ...

A bolt's clamping force, called preload, is generated as the bolt stretches during tightening. The two most common methods of applying preload are torque control and turn control. In torque ...